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[[File:Ata.jpg|alt=  Gholam-Hossein Farnoud  Gholam-Hossein Farnoud  Born	24 February 1941 Tabriz Died	15 March 2020 Tabriz Cause of death	cardiac arrest Nationality	South-Azerbaijani Citizenship	Iran Education	Master of English Language and Literature, PhD of Social Sciences Alma mater	Daneshsara Tabriz (University of Azerbaijan), University of Istanbul Occupation	Author, Social/Cultural activist, Critic, Chef Editor, Teacher and University Lecturer Years active	1960-2020  Notable work 	Adineh (Mahd Azadi Newspaper), Dar Basateh Noktedanan Spouse(s)	Mehrangiz Mahmoud Shariati Children	Saba Farnoud (Daughter) and Taher Farnoud (Son) Relatives	Aria E. Torkanbouri (son in-law) Signature|thumb|Gholam-Hossein Farnoud|left]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'''Gholam-Hossein Farnoud Zhendeh'''&nbsp;(</span>[[wikipedia:Azerbaijani_language|Turkish (Az) or Azerbaijani-Turkish]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">: ''[[Qulamhüseyin Fərnud|Qulamhüseyin Fərnud Jende]]; [[wikipedia:Azerbaijani_language|تورکجه]]، [[wikipedia:Persian_language|فارسی]]: [[غلامحسین فرنود|غلامحسین فرنود ژنده]] ;&nbsp;Turkish (Tr) or Turkey Turkish: [[Gulamhüseyn Fernud|Gulamhüseyn Fernud Jende]]; February 24,1941 in [[wikipedia:Tabriz|Tabriz]] - March 15, 2020 in Tabriz) was a prominent [[wikipedia:Azerbaijani_language#South_Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]] or [[wikipedia:Iranian_Azerbaijanis|Iranian-Azerbaijani]] publicist, author, critic, translator, University lecturer and social/cultural activist. ''</span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span>''In 1964, he was appointed managing editor of "Nagsha va Andisheha" (Persian: نقش ها و اندیشه ها), which was published in the Mahd Azadi newspaper (Persian: روزنامه مهد آزادی) and was the catalyst for the rapt attention of his close friends Samad Behrangi''',''' Rahim Raisnia, and Abdol-Hossein Nahidiazar. After a year, with request of chief editor of newspaper Seyyed Javad Peyman from Gholam-Hossein Farnoud, they decided to publish the "Adineh" with inviting more authors. As result, the several articles by famous South Azerbaijani authors&nbsp;''</span>[[wikipedia:Samad_Behrangi|Samad Behrangi]]'',&nbsp;''[[wikipedia:Gholam-Hossein_Sa'edi|Gholam-Hossein Saedi]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'',&nbsp;''</span>[[wikipedia:Reza_Baraheni|Reza Baraheni]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span>'',&nbsp;[[wikipedia:Alireza_Nabdel|Alireza Nabdel]], Maftun Amini, Hassan Ruzpeykar, Behruz Dehgani, Rahim Raisnia and some other Azerbaijani and Iranian authors were published weekly over two years in 8 pages. Adineh has important role in aggregation of South Azerbaijani and other Iranian mostly left-wings believed intellectuals against&nbsp;[[wikipedia:Pahlavi_dynasty|Pahlavi regime]]&nbsp;until it was confiscated by&nbsp;[[wikipedia:SAVAK|Savak]]&nbsp;in 1967''<span style="font-style: italic;">. [https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]] [https://www.gisoom.com/book/11740581/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF/ [2]]</span></span></span></span><div><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span><span>''Besides, Gholam-Hossein Farnoud primarily worked as an editor, publisher and university lecturer. The majority of his works were published under the pseudonyms "Ali Siyahpoosh", "Taher Danesh", and "Abolfazl Atrak". His last book as author is entitled "Dar Basateh Nokteh Danan" (Persian: در بساط نکته دانان) [https://www.adinehbook.com/gp/product/6005003680 [3]][https://www.worldcat.org/title/dar-basat-i-nuktah-danan/oclc/969682013 [4]], and it is sort of a compilation of his different articles on world literature, cinema, poetry, theater, painting, caricature, philosophy and history, all of which are gathered in this book in a creative way.''</span><span>''During the early hours of 15 March 2020, his brother Reza Farnoud discovered him dead at his&nbsp;home in&nbsp;[[wikipedia:Tabriz|Tabriz]],&nbsp;[[wikipedia:South_Azerbaijan|South-Azerbaijan]]/[[wikipedia:Iran|Iran]]. [https://www.ibna.ir/fa/tolidi/288325/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84 [5]]''</span></span>.</span>
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{| class="infobox biography vcard" style="width: 306px; height: 864px;"
|- style="height: 57px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 57px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Born</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 57px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">24 February 1941</span><br><div class="birthplace"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Tabriz</span></div>
|- style="height: 57px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 57px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Died</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 57px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">15 March 2020</span><br><div class="deathplace"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Tabriz</span></div>
|- style="height: 51px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 51px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Cause</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">of death</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 51px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">cardiac arrest</span>
|- style="height: 28px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 28px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Nationality</span>
| class="infobox-data category" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 28px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">South-Azerbaijani</span>
|- style="height: 28px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 28px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Citizenship</span>
| class="infobox-data category" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 28px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Iran</span>
|- style="height: 74px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 74px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Education</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 74px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Master of English Language and Literature, PhD of Social Sciences</span>
|- style="height: 74px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 74px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Alma</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">mater</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 74px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Daneshsara Tabriz (University of Azerbaijan), University of Istanbul</span>
|- style="height: 97px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 97px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Occupation</span>
| class="infobox-data role" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 97px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Author, Social/Cultural activist, Critic, Chef Editor, Teacher and University Lecturer</span>
|- style="height: 28px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 28px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Years</span>&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">active</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 28px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">1960-2020</span>
|- style="height: 74px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 74px;" scope="row" | <div><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Notable work</span></div>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 74px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Adineh (Mahd Azadi Newspaper), Dar Basateh Noktedanan</span>
|- style="height: 51px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 51px;" scope="row" | <span class="nowrap" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Spouse</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 51px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Mehrangiz Mahmoud Shariati</span>
|- style="height: 51px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 51px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Children</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 51px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Saba Farnoud (Daughter) and Taher Farnoud (Son)</span>
|- style="height: 51px;"
! class="infobox-label" style="text-align: left; width: 99.6625px; height: 51px;" scope="row" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Relatives</span>
| class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left; width: 180.337px; height: 51px;" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Aria E. Torkanbouri (son in-law)</span>
|- style="height: 27px;"
! class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; width: 292.5px; height: 27px;" colspan="2" | <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Signature</span>
|}
[[File:Ata imza.jpg|left|thumb]]</div>

== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span>''Biography''</span></span> == 

=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''Early life''</span> === 
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><div>[[File:The Biography of Gholam-Hossein Farnoud written by himself.jpg|thumb|269x269px|[[File:Gh. Farnoud.jpg|thumb|267x267px|The Biography of Gholam-Hossein Farnoud written by himself (Original Manuscript photo)|left]]|left]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"><span>Gholam-Hossein Farnoud Zhendeh was born on 24 February 1941 in Tabriz, the capital city of South Azerbaijan or Azerbaijan of Iran. His father Asadollah Farnoud was a constable during the Pahlavi dynasty and his mother was a housewife with no formal education. As the oldest son of the family, he lived with his three brothers, Ali Farnoud, Reza Farnoud, Hassan Farnoud, and his sister Ashraf Farnoud. Although his mother was an uneducated individual, he stressed that she had a strong influence on his development during childhood.'</span>
<span>Having completed his primary education at Sa'di, Roshdiye, Sasan, and Hemam Tabriz elementary schools, he completed his secondary education at Khaghani, Ferdowsi, Mansoor (presently Taleghani) middle schools, and Daneshsarayeh Tabriz (Also known as University of Azerbaijan) (1958-1960). </span>


</span>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">He began teaching elementary school at </span>[[wikipedia:Mamqan|Mamaqan]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, and later at </span>[[wikipedia:Azarshahr|Azarshahr]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> Onsori Elementary School, before joining Sa'di High School to teach </span>[[wikipedia:Arabic|Arabic]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Fiqh|jurisprudence]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, and social sciences. Upon entering the university in 1961, he studied bachelor of English Language and Literature and graduated in 1965. </span>[https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]]</div>

=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''The birth of Adineh (1965-1967)''</span> ===
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''In 1964, he was appointed managing editor of "Nagshha va Andisheha" (Persian: نقش ها و اندیشه ها), which was published in the Mahd Azadi newspaper (Persian: روزنامه مهد آزادی) . Nagsha va Andisheha became the catalyst for the rapt attention of his closest friends''</span>[[wikipedia:Samad_Behrangi|Samad Behrangi]]

<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'', Rahim Raisnia, and Abdol-Hossein Nahidiazar, and others over a year, which led to the request of chief editor of newspaper Seyyed Javad Peyman from Gholam-Hossein Farnoud for the expansion of writers and articles for publication in weekly eight pages in Mahdeh Azadi newspaper. One day after that, he discussed the matter first with Samad Behrangi and later with Ebrahim Azimpur and other friends, all of whom agreed. This title was chosen with the suggestion of Behruz Dehghani, and they all agreed on the title and the day of publication on each Saturday. The first leading article was written by Gholam-Hossein Farnoud and the following leading articles were authored by other authors at random, each accompanied by the name of the chef editor. Number 17 was the last publication of Adineh, which was confiscated by Savak in 1967.[https://www.gisoom.com/book/11740581/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF/ [2]]''</span>
=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''Death of Samad Behrangi and years of imprisonment (1968-1974)''</span> === 

[[File:Nagshha va Andisheha (1969) d.jpg|thumb|Nagshha va Andisheha (1969)|200x200px]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''A few years after the confiscation of the Adineh, he published a selection of prose and stories under the title The Stroy of Mother (Persian: سرگذشت مادر) and a translation from poets and the Life of''</span>[[wikipedia:T._S._Eliot|T.S. Eliot]]


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''. Additionally, he collaborated with his friends Behruz Dehghani and Mehdi Amini in translating "Can Science Save Us?" (Persian: آیا علم می تواند ما را نجات دهد؟). Later in his career he was editor and Managing Director of Ibn Sina Press, where he published two books, "Do Mobarez" (Persian: دو مبارز) and "Balvayeh Tabriz" (Persian: بلوای تبریز), and several selections from the works of''</span> [[wikipedia:Ubayd_Zakani|Obayd Zakani]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''with an introduction by[[wikipedia:Anatoly_Lunacharsky|Anatoly Lunacharsky]]. Aside from that, he was also a supervisor of Samad Behrangi's book "Investigations into the Educational Problems of Iran" (Persian: کندوکاو در مسائل تربیتی ایران) and his storybook for children "Olduz and the Crows" (Persian: اولدوز و کلاغها). Arranging some shows at Mamaqan schools to provide books to schools as well as translating and publishing "Racism: An Ideological Weapon of Imperialism" (Persian: نژادپرستی و جهانخواری) by Fedor Mikhaĭlovich Leonidov with the approval and encouragement of Samad Behrangi were some of his other activities. [https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]]''</span>
[[File:Nagshha va Andisheha (1969).jpg|thumb|Adineh, Mahd Azadi (23 September 1965) |200x200px]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''On 30 August 1968, Samad Behrangi drowned in''</span> [[wikipedia:Aras_(river)|Araz River.]]

<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''Aside from the strong effect of his death on his close friends, it also had a significant effect on South Azerbaijan and Iran's societies, serving as a powerful catalyst for the anti-Pahlavi revolution. After a year, Gholam-Hossein Farnoud qualified for the entrance examination to the''</span>[[wikipedia:Social_science|Social Sciences]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''PhD program at the[[wikipedia:Istanbul_University|University of Istanbul]]. During the two years he worked on his thesis, he was arrested on the way to Istanbul alongside friends Behruz Dehgani, Kazem Saadati, Ashraf Dehgani, Alireza Nabdel, etc. [https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]]. Kazem Saadati committed suicide before being arrested by the police to inform his friends [https://fa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AA%DB%8C&oldid=32074870 <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>][https://www.bbc.com/persian/arts/2010/11/101125_l41_book_saedi_sarkoohi_memories <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>]. Behruz Dehghani died of torture inside the jail [https://fa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C&oldid=33864577 <nowiki>[8]</nowiki>]. Alireza Nabdel repeatedly attempted suicide in jail, but finally, he was executed by Pahlavi regime [https://fa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84&oldid=33798226 <nowiki>[9]</nowiki>][http://www.iran-nabard.com/40%20sal/shohada.htm <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>].[[wikipedia:Ashraf_Dehghani|Ashraf Dehgani]]<nowiki/>successfully escaped from jail and migrated to Germany [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashraf_Dehghani&oldid=1089525708 <nowiki>[11]</nowiki>].''</span>
=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Years after imprisonment until the revolution (1974-1979)</span> === 
[[File:Gholam-Hossein Farnoud and friends.jpg|left|thumb|From right to left: Gholam-Hossein Farnoud, Samad Behrangi, Ali Zakheri and Abbasali Rezai. (Farnoud's personal archive). Photo was colored by Aria E. Torkanbouri]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">After being released from prison in 1973, Gholam-Hossein Farnoud was hired by Tabriz Radio as a producer. Also, he continued translating, authoring and publishing books. Translation of "Sevdalı Bulut" (Persian: ابر دلباخته) of Turkish poet </span>[[wikipedia:Nâzım_Hikmet|Nazım Hikme]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">t&nbsp; with Ali Katebi, publishing the books "Grandchildren and great-grandchildren of </span>[[wikipedia:Molla_Nasraddin_(magazine)|Mollanasreddin]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">" (Persian: نوه نتیجه های ملانصرالدین) about the biography of Turkish </span>[[wikipedia:Caricature|caricaturists]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, the manuscript of "Naseri Events" (Persian: وقایع ناصری) about the unpublished documents of </span>[[wikipedia:Constitutional_Revolution|Constitutional Revolution]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> with using pseudonym Ali Siyahpush, and translation of "About the new centuries"(Persian: سیری کوتاه در قرون جدید), "</span>[[wikipedia:Fascism|Fascism]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> and </span>[[wikipedia:Antonio_Gramsci|Antonio Gramsci]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">" (Persian: فاشیسم و آنتونیو گرامسی) and "The Cultural Revolution in </span>[[wikipedia:Cuba|Cuba]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">" (Persian: انقلاب فرهنگی در کوبا) were some of his activities in that way. Additionally, he managed the Ehya Press (Persian: نشر احیا) which published historical, scientific, and literary books. "Ark Periodical" (Persian: گاهنامه ارک) was one of his last books, published with delay, on the eve of the revolution, as a result of the applied filters during the Pahlavi period.</span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''[https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]]''</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Apart from his activities as an editor, author, and publisher, he was also active in cultural events. He supported a variety of artists including painter and caricaturist Kayumars Kiasat , sculptor </span>[[wikipedia:Behruz_Heschmat|Behruz Heschmat]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, and </span>[[wikipedia:Ashiqs_of_Azerbaijan|Ashiq]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> Hassan Eskandari, among others.</span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''[https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]][https://www.gisoom.com/book/11740581/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF/ [2]]''</span>

=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">After Revolution of Iran (1979-2013)</span> === 
[[File:Gh. Farnoud with Ashiqlar sclupture by Behruz Heschmat at his home in Tabriz.jpg|thumb|This sculpture is a small version of an original Ashiqlar sculpture created by [[wikipedia:Behruz_Heschmat|Behruz Heschmat]], which was presented to Gholam-Hossein Farnoud by Behruz Heschmat in 1979 following the Iranian Revolution.|270x270px]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">During 1981, he married Mehrangiz Mahmoud Shariati. Two of their children are Taher Farnoud (1983) and Saba Farnoud (1990).</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Gholam-Hossein Farnoud always described himself as a 'normal teacher', and he was active primarily as a </span>[[wikipedia:Social_activist|social]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> and </span>[[wikipedia:Cultural_activities|cultural activist]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, holding </span>[[wikipedia:Left-wing_politics|left-wing]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> political views, but he was not a </span>[[wikipedia:Political_activist|political activist]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">. The fact remains that he had close relationships with people like </span>[[wikipedia:Samad_Behrangi|Samad Behrang]]<nowiki/><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">i, who became a symbol of the left-wing movements of the new generation of South Azerbaijani believers after his death, and with other friends who later joined </span>[[wikipedia:Iranian_People's_Fedai_Guerrillas|Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> were sufficient grounds for his arrest during the pre-revolutionary period. In spite of this, the situation for him and his friends did not significantly improve following the revolution. A poignant example of the tragedy committed against left-wing activists can be found in the </span>[[wikipedia:Chain_murders_of_Iran|Chain Murders of Iran (1988-98)]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">.</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">However, he did not stop in his efforts to increase awareness of people and society. Among his significant activities following the revolution are the production of Ark Periodical's second number, the translation of </span>[[wikipedia:Chinghiz_Aitmatov|Chingiz Aitmatov]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'s "Camel's Eye" with the pseudonym Taher Danesh, the simplification of </span>[[wikipedia:Don_Quixote|Don Quixote]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> by </span>[[wikipedia:Miguel_de_Cervantes|Miguel de Cervantes]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, and the translation of "</span>[[wikipedia:The_People_of_the_Abyss|The People of the Abyss]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">" by </span>[[wikipedia:Jack_London|Jack Londo]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">n with pseudonym Abolfazl Atrak.</span> <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''[https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/25092/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D9%81%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A2-8.html [1]]''</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Additionally, he worked as a lecturer at various universities in English, </span>[[wikipedia:Aesthetics|aesthetics]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Child_art|child art]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Allegory|allegory]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Sociology_of_art|sociology of art]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, etc. at the Vocational school of Tabriz, the </span>[[wikipedia:Islamic_Azad_University_of_Tabriz|Islamic Azad University of Tabriz]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Iranian_Youth_Cinema_Society|Iranian Youth Cinema Society]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> Tabriz , and the </span>[https://www.ucna.ac.ir/ University College of Nabi Akram Tabriz.]


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Apart from this, he has served as chief editor of the Kar va Niru newspaper, the second 17-series of Adineh by Mahd Azadi newspaper, and Akhtar newspaper.</span>

==== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">After death of Mehrangiz Mahmoud Shariati (2013-2020)</span> ==== 
[[File:Baz Khaham Shekoft.jpg|left|thumb|227x227px|Ruzeh Avvale moallemi, Hasan Kafi. In memory of Mehrangiz Shariati. 15 November 2018[[File:Baz Khaham Shekoft, by Saideh Paknejad. .jpg|thumb|219x219px|Baz Khaham Shekoft, by Saideh Paknejad. In memory of Mehrangiz Shariati. 15 November 2017]]]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Mehrangiz Mahmoud Shariati died of splenic cancer on 15 November 2013. </span><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The funeral was attended by a large crowd. Mehrangiz's will and Gholam-Hossein's decision resulted in the funeral taking place without any routine rituals and the entire cost of the event was used to purchase a comfortable chair for Tabriz Cancer Hospital. In the period between 2013-2018, he has concentrated on revealing portions of events and documents he had carefully guarded for many years. He published a few of them including talking about Adine's birth, a manuscript of a poem by Samad Behrangi, some memories about Samad Behrangi and a few other things, all of which were publicly shared in video form recorded by his son Taher Farnoud form via social media until 2018.</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">"Ever Teacher" (''[[wikipedia:Azerbaijani_language|تورکجه]]، [[wikipedia:Persian_language|فارسی]]:همیشه معلم)'' is the title given to her by Gholam-Hossein. Every anniversary, a book was published in memory of Mehrangiz Shariati by him. Among them are "Baz Khaham Shekoft" by Saideh Paknejad and "Ruzeh avvaleh Moallemi" by Hassan Kafi. However, he temporarily stopped the commemoration ceremony process due to some family reasons, while seeking to publish the following text at 11 November 2018 (see below):</span>
[[File:Text was published by Gh. Farnoud's personal Instagram account.jpg|center|thumb|Translation of the text: Dear friends, the non forgetable "Ever Teacher" is exposed to an abuse tool and playmate through some newcomers that we saw fit to remove the fifth presence to help us understand more accurately and clearly the essence of the ceremony without additional formalities, which can help to the elimination of uncharacteristic commemoration. Cultural benevolence [publishing of yearly book] will not always be forgotten. (11 November 2018)]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The year after 2019, deu to some changes inside family, he started to arranged and distributed all material and spiritual assets among his children equally and without discrimination based on gender in accordance with his wife's will as well as his own.</span>

=== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Death</span> === 
[[File:Manuscript by Gh. Farnoud.jpg|thumb|Translation: My son, daughter and son-in-law, Funeral arrangements are as simple as those for my partner Mehri [Mehrangiz Mahnoud Shariati]. Short, simple and without formalities. I am comfortable and I am leaving comfortable. I wish everyone happiness.]]
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">During the early hours of 15 March 2020, his brother Reza Farnoud discovered him dead at his home in </span>[[wikipedia:Tabriz|Tabriz]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:South_Azerbaijan|South-Azerbaijan]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">/</span>[[wikipedia:Iran|Iran]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">. A </span>[[wikipedia:Cardiac_arrest|cardiac arrest]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> was detected as the cause of death.</span>


<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">As a result of the </span>[[wikipedia:Coronavirus|Corona]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span>[[wikipedia:Quarantine|quarantine]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> rules and traveling restrictions, only Taher Farnoud and his wife have commuted to Gholam-Hossein's home and had access to his valuable original </span>[[wikipedia:Manuscript|manuscripts]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Historical_document|historical documents]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, </span>[[wikipedia:Recording|recording]]<nowiki/><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">s and </span>[[wikipedia:Painting|painting]]<nowiki/><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">s. There is only one published manuscript from him to date, which was the very short text about the </span>[[wikipedia:Cemetery|burial place]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;"> and </span>[[wikipedia:Funeral|funeral]]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">, which was written for his son Taher Farnoud, daughter Saba Farnoud, and son-in-law Aria E. Torkanbouri in 2015.</span>

== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Literary works</span> == 
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'''Books'''</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Naseri Events (1977)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">About the new centuries (1978)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Duman (2002)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Dar Basateh Noktedanan (2011)</span>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">''''Translations'''</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Can Science Save Us (1969)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Racism: An Ideological Weapon of Imperialism, Fedor Mikhaĭlovich Leonidov (1969)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Dar haghe Chand Pishtaz, Eduardo Sanguine T, Andrea Moroa, Aram Khachaturian, Anatoly Lunacharsky (1976)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Grandchildren and great-grandchildren of Mollanasreddin" (1977) (pseudonym Ali Siyahpush)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Setayesh va Sangsar, T. S. Eliot (1977)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Fascism and Antonio Gramsci (?)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The Cultural Revolution in Cuba (1980) (pseudonym Ali Siyahpush)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The People of the Abyss", Jack London (1983) (pseudonym Abolfazl Atrak)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Don Quixote, Miguel de Cervantes (1989) (pseudonym Abolfazl Atrak)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Camel's Eye, Chingiz Aitmatov (2014) (pseudonym Taher Danesh)</span>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'''Children's Books'''</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Sevdalı Bulut, Nazim Hikmet (1972)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">The fox and the thrush, Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1977)</span>
<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">'''Others'''</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Nagshha va Andisheha (1964)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Adine I (1965-1967)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Ark Periodical I (1978)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Ark Periodical II (1981)</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Adine II (1997)</span>
*<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Adine III (2000-2002)</span>

== <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">References</span> == 


* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Farnoud, Gholam-Hossein and others. (2020). "</span>[https://www.picuki.com/media/2780646441116747262 Gholam-Hossein Farnoud: A thoughtful seeker, in the ways of knowledge]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">", in ''Azeri: International Turkish - Persian, Cultural, Social, Literary and Art Quarterly, numbers 43&44'': 1-95</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Torkan, Qasem and others. (2020). ''"''</span>[https://www.gisoom.com/book/11740581/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF/ Andishevarze Rahnoma: in memory of Gholam-Hossein Farnoud]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">". Tabriz: Mahdeh Azadi Press.</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">IBNA news agency. (2020). "</span>[https://www.ibna.ir/fa/tolidi/288325/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84 Gholam Hossein Farnood died in the last days of the year]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">". 15th March.</span>
* <span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">Ishiq website. (2013). "</span>[https://ishiq.net/x%C9%99b%C9%99r/6858/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85-%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA.html A memorial service for Ms. Mehri Shariati will be held on Thursday]<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">".</span>